Rabu, 29 Februari 2012

my final ENGLIH JOB ..

GENERAL ENGLISH

PASSIVE VOICE
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          BY :
NAME :
ADE FITRI
NIM : 70300111001
KEPERAWATAN A1

FAKULTAS ILMU KESEHATAN UNIVERSITAS ALAUDDIN SAMATA
2012/2013

A.        INTRODUCING

The passive construction in English occurs in as many as 5% to 10% of the sentences, but it is frequently avoided by teachers, not so much because it is a difficult construction to learn or to teach, but more because it is a difficult construction to “explain”. That really passive i only necessary to show how to form it and when to use it. Illustrating how and when it used can be done easily, even with lower intermediate.
The lesson on introducing and practicing the passive is in two segment. Although both segments, simultaneously ilustrate how it is formed and when it is used, the first segment is in the present progressive, while the second segment is in the past tense.
Picture is  scene which features a dog, a policemen, a mugger, and a little old lady. The only now word that we need to be taught is probably the word mugger. We are going to present scene in the picture to students, adding one character at a time. In your head, pick out four small,moveable objects to present each of the four characters. Alternately, draw a similar stick. Figure on the broad, again adding one character at a time.
The last step is to switch back and forth between the two sets of questions, producing active or passive answer depending upon the view point set up by the questions.
B.         DISCUSSION

Only active voice verbs have been discussed until the present lesson. The passive form is used more frequently in writing then in conversation. However, it should be used sprangly and only when its use accomplishes a spesific purpose.
A verb in the passive voice expreses an action done to its subject, and a verb in the active voice expresses an action done by its subject.
The passive voice is composed of some form of the verb form of the verb.
For example :
*    The new world was discovered centuries ago.
*    The battle has been lost.
The passive voice emphasizes the person or thing receiving the action. It may used when the speaker does not know or does not wish to say who performed the action.
                              subject  
Passive voice: a window was broken by someone last night.
                       Subject                 object
Active voice : someone broke a window last night.

In general, we should avoid using the passive voice because it makes our waiting sound weak and awkward.
Using the active voice helps make your writing direct and forceful. For example :
This house was built in 1930.
Was built is passive. Compare
                    active and passive :
  Subject             object
Somebody built this house in 1930. (active)
 subject
This house was built in 1930. (passive)

We use an active verb to say what the subject does :
*    My grandfather was a builder. He built this house in 1930.
*    It’s a big company. It employs two hundred people.
We use a passive verb to say what happens to the subject :
*    This house is quit old. It was built in 1930.
*    Two hundred people are employed by the company.
When we use the passive voice, who or what causes the action is often unknown or unimportant:
*    A lot of money was stolen in the robbery. (somebody stole it, but we don’t know who).
If we want to say who does or what causes the action, we use by :
*    This house was built by grandmother.
*    Two hundred people are employed by the company.
The passive is be (is/was/have been, etc) + the past participle (done/cleaned/seen, etc) :
The active and passive forms of the simple present and simple past :
Simple present
Active : clean(s)/ see(s), etc. => sombody cleans this room everyday

Passive : am/is/are + cleaned/seen,etc => is cleaned everyday.
*    Many accidents are caused by careless driving.
*    I’m not often invited to parties.
*    How is this world pronounced ?
Simple past
Active : cleaned/saw, etc => somebody cleaned this room yesterday.

Passive : was/were + cleaned/seen, etc. => this room was cleaned yesterday.
*    We were woken up by loud noise during the night.
*    “did you go to the party ?” “no, I wasn’t invited”.
*    How much money was stolen ?

After, will/can/must/going to/want to, etc.
Active : do/clean/see, etc. => somebody will clean the room later.
Passive : be done/cleaned/seen, etc. => the room will be cleaned later.
*    The situation is serious, something must be done before its too late.
*    A mystery is something that can be explained.
*    The music was very loud and could be heard from a long way.
*    A new supermarket is going to be built next year.
*    Plese go away. I want to be left alone.
After, should have/might have/would have/see to have, etc.
Passive : done/cleaned/seen, etc. => somebody should have cleaned the room.
Active : been done/cleaned/seen, etc. => the room should have been cleaned.
*    I haven’t recieved the letter yet. It might have been sent to the wrong adress.
*    If you hadn’t left the car unlocked. It wouldn’t have been stolen.
*    There were some at first, buy they seem to have been solved.
present perfect
active : has/have done => the room looks nice. Somebody has cleaned it.
Passive : has/have been done. => the room looks nice. It has been cleaned.
*    Have you ever been bitten by a dog ?
*    “Are you going to the party ?” “no, I haven’t been invited”.
Past perfect
Active : had done. => the room looked nice. Somebody cleaned it.
Passive : had been done. => the room looked nice. It had been cleaned.
*    The korean song had been sung.
*    The korean drama had been watched.
*    The korean actor had been taken a picture
*    Thr vegetables didn’t taste very good. They had been cooked too long.
*    The car was there years old but hadn’t been used very much.
Present continous
Active : am/is/are doing. => somebody is singing the Korean song.
Passive : am/is/are being done. => The Korean song is being sung.
*    There’s somebody walking behind us. I think we are being followed.
*    “can I help you ?” “No, thanks. I’m being helped.”
*                      Somebody is watching the Korean drama right now.  => somebody is being watched right now. <= that is false . the sentence true of that is => The Korean drama is being watched right now .
*    English language is being learned.

For make us more easy/easier, we can use pattens of passive voice :
1.  Simple present
Active : s + V1
Passive : s + to be + V3
2.  Present continous tense
Active : s + to be + Ving
Passive : s + to be + being + V3
3.  Present perfect
Active : s + has/have + V3
Passive : s + has/have + been + V3
4.  Present perfect continous
Active : s + has/have + been + Ving
Passive : s + has/have + been + being + V3
5.  Simple past
Active : s + V2 + O
Passive : s + was/were + V3
6.  Past continous
Active : s + was/were + Ving
Passive : s + was/were + being + V3
7.  Past perfect
Active : s + had + V3
Passive : S + had + been + V3
8.  Past perfect continous
Active : s + had + been + Ving
Passive : s + had + been + being + V3
9.  Simple future
Active : s + will + V1
Passive :  s + will + be + V3
10.              Future continous
Active : s + will + be + Ving
Passive : s + will + be + being + V3
11.              Future perfect
Active : s + will + have + V3
Passive : s + will + have + been + V3
12.              Future perfect continous
Active : s + will + have + been + V3
Passive : s + will + have + been + being + V3



C.     CONCLUTION

Passive voice is used when the focus is on the action. It is not important or not know , however, who pr what is performing the action.
A verb in the passiv voice expresses an action done to its subject. The passive voice emphasizes the person or thing recieving the action. Or it may be used when the speaker does not know or does not wish to say who performed the action.
The passive voice is used more frequently in writing than in conversation. However, it should be used sprangly and only when its use accomplishes a spesific purpose.
The passive form is composed of some form of the verb be + the apropriate auxiliary, if any + the past participle form of the verb.
Passive voice sentences are transformations of the basic sentence pattens.
The passive voice gives an objective and impersonal touch to writing.it may soften statements that might seem harsh or even accusing in the active voice.
Generally, the passive voice is used when its not important to know the deer, or when the does is not know.



D. REFERENCE

Wiston, Burks, 1980. Let’s write English : Revised edition, copyright by titton Educational Punishing.
Murphy, Smalzer, 1989. Grammar in use intermediate, cambridge University Press.
Hat, Renihart & Winston, 1987. English Workshop, HRW material copyright under nitice appearing earlier in this work.

Minggu, 19 Februari 2012

Inspire from korean drama



" DON'T GIVE UP! "

Salah satu alasan aku suka dengan drama korea adalah karena di dalam drama atau film korea ada hikmah yang bisa kita ambil. Ini beberapa contohnya :


Yang pertama drama korea Dream High, pasti semua sudah tahu sama drama yang satu ini. Dari judulnya saja sudah tersirat nilai yang bisa didapat yaitu agar kita bisa bermimpi setinggi mungkin. Di dalam drama ini ada karakter bernama Song Sam Dong. Ia adalah anak dari seorang ibu yang kurang mampu dan tinggal di sebuah pedesaan. Hobynya mengikuti berbagai kompetisi menyanyi. Sebenarnya bukan supaya menjadi terkenal. Karena ia tidak berani untuk bermimpi setinggi itu. Tapi siapa sangka ia justru mendapat beasiswa dari Kirin Art High School. Walau awalnya tujuan Sam Dong ikut ke Kirin adalah karena Go Hye Mi. Tapi setelah ia menjalani kehidupan di Kirin Art High School toh akhirnya ia mulai berani untuk bermimpi untuk menjadi penyanyi.



Kehidupan Sam Dong selama bersekolah di Kirin Art High School tidaklah mudah. Keberadaa Sam Dong di sekolah itu tidak diterima oleh siswa lain. Awalnya ia sempat masuk kelas buangan. Namun karena kerja kerasnya ia pun akhirnya bisa bergabung dengan kelas yang lain. Bahkan ia pun sempat kehilangan indera pendengarannya. Walau sempat ingin menyerah tapi toh akhirnya dia memutuskan untuk melanjutkan mimpinya. Dan akhirnya Sam Dong berhasil mewujudkan mimpinya. Bahkan bukan hanya menjadi penyanyi di Korea, tapi di seluruh dunia.

Drama yang kedua adalah Baby Faced Beauty. Di drama ini ada wanita berumur 34 tahun bernama Lee So Young. So Young sejak SMU sudah menyukai mendesign baju. Rencananya setelah lulus SMU ia ingin melanjutkan sekolahnya ke jurusan design. Tapi hal itu tidak kesampaian karena orang tuanya tidak mampu. Akhirnya ia harus bekerja untuk menghidupi keluarganya. Selama 14 tahun ia bekerja di suatu perusahaan, So Young tiba-tiba dipecat dengan alasan perusahaan sedang mengalami kemunduran. 



Setelah mencari pekerjaan kesana kemari, akhirnya So Young dapat bekerja sebagai pekerja magang di The Style, sebuah perusahaan yang bergerak dalam bidang fashion. Dan itupun karena ia menyamar sebagai gadis berusia 25 tahun. Selama bekerja di The Style, banyak cobaan yang telah ia lalui. Sempat beberapa kali dipecat. Sempat ditindas oleh rekan kerjanya. Dicurangi oleh atasannya. Bahkan sempat bermasalah dengan indera penglihatannya. Ia sempat terkena penyakit buta warna. Namun setelah melalui itu semua, toh akhirnya ia bisa menjadi designer seperti yang ia impikan selama ini.

Dari dua drama di atas kita bisa belajar mengenai mimpi dan cara untuk mencapainya. Jangan takut untuk bermimpi. Karena justru dari mimpi itulah kita bisa menentukan jalan hidup kita. Karena kita akan hidup dengan berusaha keras agar mimpi itu tercapai.

Dan ingat juga, bahwa hidup itu tidak selalu mulus dan berjalan sesuai rencana kita. Pasti kalian sering mendengar kalimat "Kita berusaha, tetap Allah lah yang menentukan". Ketika dalam proses meraih mimpi itu, pasti akan ada banyak halangan dan rintangan yang akan dihadapi. Dan tugas kita adalah untuk tetap berusaha dan tidak menyerah. Walaupun hasilnya tidak sesuai dengan harapan kita, toh setidaknya kita telah berusaha semaksimal mungkin untuk mencapainya, jadi kita tidak akan terlalu menyesal dengan hasil yang kita peroleh. Malah justru itu akan memacu kita untuk melakukan yang lebih baik lagi di masa yang akan datang.

Satu lagi yang perlu diingat dalam meraih mimpi, yaitu selalu gunakan cara yang benar, seperti tidak berbohong, tidak curang, tidak mencelakai orang lain dan cara-cara licik lainnya yang tidak disukai Allah SWT. Karena sesuatu yang di awali dengan ketidakjujuran tidak akan berjalan dengan baik dan tidak akan menghasilkan hasil yang baik pula. Walaupun jika kita melakukan cara-cara itu dan mendapat hasil yang kita inginkan, apakah kita masih bisa merasa puas dengan hasil itu? Tentu tidak bukan. Di dalam hati kecil kita pasti akan terus merasa bersalah dan tidak tenang.

Jadi pesan terakhirku, Bermimpilah! Dan Raihlah mimpi itu. Dan ketika kita telah berhasil meraihnya, kita pastinya akan mengingat masa-masa sulit dalam mencapai mimpi itu sebagai kenangan indah yang tak terlupakan. So... DON'T GIVE UP!! FIGHTING!!!..........

Sebagai penutup aku kasih bedikit lirik lagu Shinee berjudul Fly High

I'll go on even if my breath stopped, or im gonna regret it
Don't be afraid of the bitter failure
Everyone must have been through it


Aku akan tetap maju walau nafasku berhenti, atau aku akan menyesalinya
jangan takut akan pahitnya kegagalan
Setiap orang pasti pernah melaluinya

Sumber : Lovelydrama.blogspot.com